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Key message
A candidate gene, designate
PpRPH
, in the
D
locus was identified to control fruit acidity in peach.
Fruit acidity has a strong impact on organoleptic quality of fruit. Peach fruit acidity is controlled by a large-effect
D
locus on chromosome 5. In this study, the
D
locus was mapped to a 509-kb interval, with two markers, 5dC720 and 5C1019, co-segregating with the non-acid/acid trait of peach fruit. Within this interval, a candidate gene encoding a putative small protein, designated
PpRPH
, showed a consistency between gene expression and fruit acidity, with up- and down-regulation in non-acidic and acidic fruits, respectively. Transient ectopic expression of
PpRPH
in tobacco leaves caused an increase of pH by approximately 40% compared to the control transformed with empty vector. Whereas, the concentrations of citrate and malate decreased significantly by 22% and 37%, respectively, with respect to the empty vector control. All these results suggest that
PpRPH
is a strong candidate gene of the
D
locus. These findings contribute to our overall understanding of the complex mechanism underlying fruit acidity in peach as well as that in other fruit crops.