Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Sage, Rowan F.

Titel

Global change biology: A primer

Ist Teil von

• Global change biology, 2020-01, Vol.26 (1), p.3-30

Ort / Verlag

England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2020

Quelle

Wiley-Blackwell Journals

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Because of human action, the Earth has entered an era where profound changes in the global environment are creating novel conditions that will be discernable far into the future. One consequence may be a large reduction of the Earth's biodiversity, potentially representing a sixth mass extinction. With effective stewardship, the global change drivers that threaten the Earth's biota could be alleviated, but this requires clear understanding of the drivers, their interactions, and how they impact ecological communities. This review identifies 10 anthropogenic global change drivers and discusses how six of the drivers (atmospheric CO2 enrichment, climate change, land transformation, species exploitation, exotic species invasions, eutrophication) impact Earth's biodiversity. Driver impacts on a particular species could be positive or negative. In either case, they initiate secondary responses that cascade along ecological lines of connection and in doing so magnify the initial impact. The unique nature of the threat to the Earth's biodiversity is not simply due to the magnitude of each driver, but due to the speed of change, the novelty of the drivers, and their interactions. Emphasizing one driver, notably climate change, is problematic because the other global change drivers also degrade biodiversity and together threaten the stability of the biosphere. As the main academic journal addressing global change effects on living systems, GCB is well positioned to provide leadership in solving the global change challenge. If humanity cannot meet the challenge, then GCB is positioned to serve as a leading chronicle of the sixth mass extinction to occur on planet Earth. To introduce the subject of global change biology to a new generation of readers, this review discusses how anthropogenic global change drivers impact ecosystems and erode biodiversity. Driver impacts on species can be positive or negative, but as they cascade through ecosystems, their impacts are magnified, setting off secondary consequences that result in simplification if not collapse of natural systems. Global Change Biology is a leader in the understanding of global change impacts on life, and in doing so, is helping to prevent a sixth mass extinction that looms over the Earth.