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Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Sphaerirostris picae (Rudolphi, 1819) (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae), representative of the genus Sphaerirostris
Ist Teil von
Parasitology research (1987), 2019-07, Vol.118 (7), p.2213-2221
Ort / Verlag
Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erscheinungsjahr
2019
Quelle
SpringerLink
Beschreibungen/Notizen
The Centrorhynchidae (Acanthocephala: Palaeacanthocephala) is a cosmopolitan family commonly found in various avian and mammalian hosts. Within Centrorhynchidae, species of the genus
Sphaerirostris
Golvan, 1956 are usually parasitic in the digestive tract of various passerine birds. In the present study, adult specimens of
Sphaerirostris picae
(Rudolphi, 1819), the type species of this genus, were recovered from the small intestine of
Acridotheres tristis
(Sturnidae) and
Dendrocitta vagabunda
(Corvidae) in Pakistan. Molecular data from the nuclear or mitochondrial genome is either very limited or completely absent from this phylogenetically understudied group of acanthocephalans. To fill this knowledge gap, we sequenced and determined the internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA) and the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of
S. picae
. The ITS rDNA of
S. picae
was 95.2% similar to that of
Sphaerirostris lanceoides
which is the only member of the Centrorhynchidae whose ITS rDNA is available in GenBank. The phylogenetic tree based on the amino acid sequences of 12 mt protein-coding genes (PCGs) placed
S. picae
close to
Centrorhynchus aluconis
in a monophyletic clade of Polymorphida which also contain members of the families Polymorphidae and Plagiorhynchidae on separate branches. The mt gene arrangement, nucleotide composition and codon usage of 12 PCGs were discussed and compared with those of other acanthocephalan mt genomes. Within the Centrorhynchidae,
S. picae
and
C. aluconis
showed 67.7–86.8% similarity in the nucleotide sequences of 12 PCGs and 2 rRNAs, where
nad
4L is the most conserved gene while
atp
6 is the least conserved. The similarity in amino acid sequences ranged from 68.1 to 91.8%, where
cox
1 was recorded as the most conserved gene, while
atp
6 is highly variable among 12 PCGs. This novel mt genome of
S. picae
provides genetic resources for further studies of phylogenetics and molecular epidemiology of acanthocephalans.