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Foodborne contaminants widely exist in foods, which can lead to various foodborne diseases and food safety issues. The development of quick, sensitive and universal analytical approaches for foodborne contaminants is imperative. Electrochemiluminescent functional nucleic acids (ECL FNAs)‐based sensors are a series of sensing devices using FNAs as the recognition elements and ECL as the transducer. Contributing to the specific recognition ability of FNA and the high sensitivity of ECL, ECL FNA‐based sensors are considered to be of great application potential for foodborne contaminants monitoring. This review mainly presents the applications of ECL FNA‐based sensors for foodborne contaminants (including microorganisms, mycotoxins, allergens, antibiotics, heavy metal ions, pesticides and some illegal additives). In general, the application of ECL FNA‐based sensors in the field of food analysis is just in its infancy. Although there are several limitations and challenges, it is envisaged that ECL FNA‐based sensors will have broad prospects for food analysis in the future.