Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Owens, Max M
• Syan, Sabrina K
• Amlung, Michael
• Beach, Steven R. H
• Sweet, Lawrence H
• MacKillop, James
• Albarracín, Dolores

Titel

Functional and Structural Neuroimaging Studies of Delayed Reward Discounting in Addiction: A Systematic Review

Ist Teil von

• Psychological bulletin, 2019-02, Vol.145 (2), p.141-164

Ort / Verlag

United States: American Psychological Association

Erscheinungsjahr

2019

Quelle

Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Given the robust behavioral association between delayed reward discounting (DRD) and addictive behavior, there is an expanding literature investigating the neural correlates of this relationship. The objective of this systematic review was to characterize and critically appraise the existing literature examining the neural correlates of DRD in individuals exhibiting addictive behavior using functional and structural MRI (fMRI/MRI) and to do so through the lens of the neural networks implicated in addiction. Using a systematic search strategy, 20 studies were identified, with 12 focusing on task fMRI, 4 focusing on functional connectivity fMRI, and 4 focusing on structural MRI. Behaviorally, significantly steeper DRD was present in individuals with addictive disorders across studies, reproducing earlier findings. Among individuals with addictive disorders, there was substantial evidence of greater neural activity in the executive control network during choices for larger-delayed rewards (delayed gratification) relative to choices for smaller-immediate rewards (immediate gratification), particularly in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, as well as moderate evidence of greater recruitment of the default mode, salience, and reward valuation networks during larger-delayed choices. In functional connectivity fMRI studies, there was moderate evidence for greater connectivity between the executive control, salience, and default mode networks in individuals exhibiting addictive behavior. Structural MRI studies reported highly heterogeneous findings and no consistent conclusions could be drawn. As a whole, this review suggests consistent differences in neural activation and connectivity relating to DRD in individuals with addictive disorders. It also reveals heterogeneity of methods and findings in this line of inquiry. Public Significance Statement Substance use disorders (SUDs) are the most common psychiatric disorders and steep discounting of future rewards is a robust behavioral feature of these conditions. This systematic review integrates findings from a growing literature using neuroimaging to understand the neural underpinnings of this process in SUDs, revealing specific differences in in brain activity and functional connectivity during this type of decision making. These findings collectively advance understanding of the neurobiology of addictive disorders, with implications for both etiology and intervention.