Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Hadders-Algra, Mijna

Titel

Early human brain development: Starring the subplate

Ist Teil von

• Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2018-09, Vol.92, p.276-290

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2018

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• •Brain development peaks between mid-gestation and the first 3 months post-term.•The temporary cortical subplate plays a critical role in human brain development.•Subplate has dissolved in primary sensory and motor cortices at 3 months post-term.•First post-term year shift from local to global, long-range connectivity.•Disruption of subplate development may play a key role in developmental disorders. This review summarizes early human brain development on the basis of neuroanatomical data and functional connectomics. It indicates that the most significant changes in the brain occur during the second half of gestation and the first three months post-term, in particular in the cortical subplate and cerebellum. As the transient subplate pairs a high rate of intricate developmental changes and interactions with clear functional activity, two phases of development are distinguished: a) the transient cortical subplate phase, ending at 3 months post-term when the permanent circuitries in the primary motor, somatosensory and visual cortices have replaced the subplate; and subsequently, b) the phase in which the permanent circuitries dominate. In the association areas the subplate dissolves in the remainder of the first postnatal year. During both phases developmental changes are paralleled by continuous reconfigurations in network activity. The reviewed literature also suggests that disruption of subplate development may play a pivotal role in developmental disorders, such as cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia.