Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Galatzer-Levy, Isaac R.
• Huang, Sandy H.
• Bonanno, George A.

Titel

Trajectories of resilience and dysfunction following potential trauma: A review and statistical evaluation

Ist Teil von

• Clinical psychology review, 2018-07, Vol.63, p.41-55

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2018

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Given the rapid proliferation of trajectory-based approaches to study clinical consequences to stress and potentially traumatic events (PTEs), there is a need to evaluate emerging findings. This review examined convergence/divergences across 54 studies in the nature and prevalence of response trajectories, and determined potential sources of bias to improve future research. Of the 67 cases that emerged from the 54 studies, the most consistently observed trajectories following PTEs were resilience (observed in: n = 63 cases), recovery (n = 49), chronic (n = 47), and delayed onset (n = 22). The resilience trajectory was the modal response across studies (average of 65.7% across populations, 95% CI [0.616, 0.698]), followed in prevalence by recovery (20.8% [0.162, 0.258]), chronicity (10.6%, [0.086, 0.127]), and delayed onset (8.9% [0.053, 0.133]). Sources of heterogeneity in estimates primarily resulted from substantive population differences rather than bias, which was observed when prospective data is lacking. Overall, prototypical trajectories have been identified across independent studies in relatively consistent proportions, with resilience being the modal response to adversity. Thus, trajectory models robustly identify clinically relevant patterns of response to potential trauma, and are important for studying determinants, consequences, and modifiers of course following potential trauma. •A review of n = 54 studies demonstrates that resilience is the modal response to major life stressors and potential trauma.•Resilience, recovery, chronicity, and delayed onset were consistently identified adjustment outcome trajectories.•Pattern stability across contextual factors indicates that the trajectories are likely phenotypic human stress responses.•Trait and state factors associated with trajectory membership have implications for risk identification and interventions.•Trajectory models provide a robust methodology to study clinically relevant responses to stress and potential trauma.