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Evaluation of some antioxidants on human colon cancer cells viability and proliferation at various oxygen levels.
Human primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon cancer cells were cultured at hypoxia (1% oxygen), tissues (10% oxygen) and atmospheric (21% oxygen) normoxia with quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate, lipoic acid, hydroxycitric acid, their mixture, and without studied compounds (control). Antioxidants were used at physiological concentrations. The cell viability was determined by trypan blue dye exclusion and proliferation by MTT assay.
The viability of each line ranged from 80% to 97%, and it was independent on the compound and oxygen availability. At hypoxia the cell count of both lines was lower than for the controls in the presence of each studied compound. At tissue normoxia the cell count of primary cancer cells was decreased only with epigallocatechin gallate, whereas metastatic cells were sensitive for each antioxidant.
Our results indicated, that the studied antioxidants were not cytotoxic at physiological levels for both pirmary and metastatic colon cancer. Their cytostatic effect depend on the type of cell, oxygen availability and antioxidant concentration.