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Microglia are continuously activated in the circumventricular organs of mouse brain
Ist Teil von
Journal of neuroimmunology, 2019-06, Vol.331, p.74-86
Ort / Verlag
Netherlands: Elsevier B.V
Erscheinungsjahr
2019
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
MEDLINE
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Microglia are the primary resident immune cells of the brain parenchyma and transform into the amoeboid form in the “activated state” under pathological conditions from the ramified form in the “resting state” under physiologically healthy conditions. In the present study, we found that microglia in the circumventricular organs (CVOs) of adult mice displayed the amoeboid form with fewer branched cellular processes even under normal conditions; however, those in other brain regions showed the ramified form, which is characterized by well-branched and dendritic cellular processes. Moreover, microglia in the CVOs showed the strong protein expression of the M1 markers CD16/32 and CD86 and M2 markers CD206 and Ym1 without any pathological stimulation. Thus, the present results indicate that microglia in the CVOs of adult mice are morphologically and functionally activated under normal conditions, possibly due to the specialized features of the CVOs, namely, the entry of blood-derived molecules into parenchyma through fenestrated capillaries and the presence of neural stem cells.
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•Microglia in the CVOs display amoeboid morphology in healthy normal adult mouse.•Microglia in the CVOs of normal mouse highly express M1 markers CD16/32 and CD86.•Microglia in the CVOs of normal mouse highly express M2 markers CD206 and Ym1.•There is an intimate association between microglia and fenestrated capillary.•Microglia sometimes show close contact with neural stem/progenitor cells.