Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Wang, Xu
• Lindstroem, René
• Plocharski, Maciej
• Østergaaard, Lasse Riis
• Graven-Nielsen, Thomas

Titel

Cervical flexion and extension includes anti-directional cervical joint motion in healthy adults

Ist Teil von

• The spine journal, 2018-01, Vol.18 (1), p.147-154

Ort / Verlag

United States: Elsevier Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2018

Quelle

Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Anti-directional cervical joint motion has previously been demonstrated. However, quantitative studies of anti-directional and pro-directional cervical flexion and extension motions have not been published. This study aimed for a quantitative assessment of directional and anti-directional cervical joint motion in healthy subjects. An observational study was carried out. Eighteen healthy subjects comprised the study sample. Anti-directional and pro-directional cervical flexion and extension motion from each cervical joint in degrees were the outcome measures. Fluoroscopy videos of cervical flexion and extension motions (from neutral to end-range) were acquired from 18 healthy subjects. The videos were divided into 10% epochs of C0/C7 range of motion (ROM). The pro-directional and anti-directional motions in each 10% epoch were extracted, and the ratios of anti-directional motions with respect to the pro-directional motions (0%=no anti-directional movement) were calculated for joints and 10% epochs. The flexion and extension ROM for C0/C7 were 51.9°±9.3° and 57.2°±12.2°. The anti-directional motions of flexion and extension ROM constituted 42.8%±9.7% and 41.2%±8.2% of the respective pro-directional movements. For flexion, the first three joints (C0/C1, C1/C2, C2/C3) demonstrated larger ratios compared with the last three joints (C4/C5, C5/C6, C6/C7) (p<.03). For extension, C1/C2 and C2/C3 ratios were larger compared with C0/C1, C4/C5, and C5/C6 (p<.03). Comparisons between flexion and extension motions showed larger C0/C1 ratio but smaller C5/C6 and C6/C7 ratios in extension (p<.05). This is the first report of quantified anti-directional cervical flexion and extension motion. The anti-directional motion is approximately 40% of the pro-directional motion. The results document that large proportions of anti-directional cervical flexion and extension motions were normal.