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Transgenic overexpression of follistatin 2 in blunt snout bream results in increased muscle mass caused by hypertrophy
Ist Teil von
Aquaculture, 2017-02, Vol.468, p.442-450
Ort / Verlag
Elsevier B.V
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
Beschreibungen/Notizen
As a competitive binding protein, follistatin (FST) antagonizes myostatin (MSTN) function and promotes muscle growth. Overexpression of FST in transgenic mice results in dramatically increased muscle mass caused by hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy. Previously, we identified two functional divergent fst genes (gcfst1 and gcfst2) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The objectives of this study were to determine if gcfst genes have similar roles on promoting muscle growth in fish. We generated a heterozygous gcfst1- and gcfst2-transgenic F0 generation in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). We then produced a homozygous gynogenetic F1 generation, and eventually a homozygous transgenic F2 generation. Driven by the zebrafish skeletal muscle-specific gene Mylz2 promoter, high levels of gcfst1 or gcfst2 mRNAs were expressed in embryonic somites and adult muscles in homozygous gcfst1- or gcfst2-transgenic F2 blunt snout bream, respectively. In contrast to gcfst1-transgenic fish or wild-type controls, adult gcfst2-transgenic F2 blunt snout bream exhibited a double-muscling phenotype and marked increases in body height and thickness. Overexpression of gcfst2 caused significant fiber size enlargement in skeletal muscle in gcfst2-transgenic F2 blunt snout bream. Our findings suggest that enhanced muscle growth induced by gcfst2 overexpression in transgenic blunt snout bream is caused by hypertrophic muscle growth. This approach may be used to promote directional breeding in important aquaculture species such as blunt snout bream in the future.
To promote directional breeding in important aquaculture species blunt snout bream, our research papers presents novel data on fish breeding. Our article complies with the Policy Statement for submission of manuscripts to the Genetics Section.
•gcfst1- and gcfst2-transgenic fish F0, F1 and F2 were generated in blunt snout bream.•gcfst1 or gcfst2 were highly expressed in somites and transgenic adult muscles.•Adult homozygous gcfst2-transgenic F2 fish exhibited a double-muscling phenotype.•Muscle growth induced in gcfst2-transgenic fish is caused by myofiber hypertrophy.