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Labyrinth seals were extensively used in turbine units, and the seal fluid forces may induce self-excited vibrations of rotor under certain conditions. It has become the main factor to instability of rotor system. In this paper Muszynska seal fluid force model is used to investigate the stability of the rotor system. Nonlinear equations are numerically solved by Newmark integration method. The effect of different seal clearances and differential pressures on system stability is studied. The calculation results show that the dominant vibration component leading to instability changes with different seal clearance. With the differential pressure increased, the unstable speed is reduced. Then the bifurcation behavior of the system with and without seal force is calculated. Results show that the rotor vibration becomes severe and complicated, and the bifurcation behavior of the system has been changed when seal force is considered.