Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Bowman, James S
• Trinkmann, Frederik
• Henzler, Thomas
• Saur, Joachim
• Harzheim, Erno
• Gonçalves, Marcelo R
• Molina-Bastos, Cynthia
• Woodruff, Prescott G
• Couper, David
• Han, MeiLan K
• Fabbri, Leonardo M

Titel

Symptoms in Smokers with Preserved Pulmonary Function

Ist Teil von

• The New England journal of medicine, 2016-09, Vol.375 (9), p.895-897

Ort / Verlag

United States: Massachusetts Medical Society

Erscheinungsjahr

2016

Quelle

Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ）

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• To the Editor: In the study by Woodruff et al. (May 12 issue), 1 there appears to be a statistical fallacy in the study design regarding the extent of “independence” of the independent variable of the study population (symptomatic current or former smokers) relative to the dependent variable (respiratory exacerbations). Participants with respiratory exacerbations (which are likely in a person with a history of tobacco use) would clearly be included only in the symptomatic study group and never in the asymptomatic study group at the beginning of the study. This type of selection bias would appear to create a nearly foregone . . .