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•The LS stems contain a large number of fiber cells aligned and bounded together.•ATR–FTIR and X-ray analysis confirmed that the LS fibers are rich in cellulose.•TGA analysis indicated that the LS fibers are thermally stable until 220°C.•LS fibers show a good mechanical characteristics compared to other cellulosic fibers.•This research qualify LS fiber as potential reinforcement in composite materials.
Integration of new natural fibers in polymer composites field can contribute to increase the production of natural reinforcements and expand their use into new applications. In the present work, new cellulosic fibers were extracted from Lygeum spartum L. plant using an eco-friendly method. The morphological, physico-chemical, thermal and mechanical properties of L. spartum L. fibers were reported for the first time in this paper. The stem anatomy and fiber SEM micrographs showed a strong presence of fiber cells. ATR–FTIR and X-ray analysis proved that these fibers are rich in cellulose content with crystallinity index of 46.19%. The thermogravimetric analysis indicates that the L. spartum fibers are thermally stable until 220°C with apparent activation energy of 68.77kJ/mol. Young's modulus, tensile strength and strain at failure were determined from the single fiber tensile test as 13.2GPa, 280MPa, and 3.7% respectively.