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Cultural and Institutional Factors Shaping Mothers' Employment and Working Hours in Postindustrial Countries
Ist Teil von
Social forces, 2015-06, Vol.93 (4), p.1301-1333
Ort / Verlag
Oxford: Oxford University Press
Erscheinungsjahr
2015
Quelle
Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Existing research shows that women's employment patterns are not driven so much by gender as by motherhood, with childless people and fathers employed at substantially higher levels than mothers in most countries. We focus on the cross-national variation in the gap in employment participation and working hours between mothers and childless women. Controlling for individual- and household-level factors, we provide evidence that institutional and cultural contexts shape maternal employment. Well-paid leaves, publicly supported childcare services for very young children, and cultural support for maternal employment predict smaller differences in employment participation and working hours between mothers and childless women. Yet, extended leave, notably when unpaid, is associated with larger motherhood employment gaps.