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Preparation and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) from Sludge produced by TiCl4 Flocculation with FeCl3, Al2(SO4)3 and Ca(OH)2 Coagulant Aids in Wastewater
Ist Teil von
Separation science and technology, 2009-05, Vol.44 (7), p.1525-1543
Ort / Verlag
Taylor & Francis Group
Erscheinungsjahr
2009
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Taylor & Francis
Beschreibungen/Notizen
In this study, TiCl
4
coagulant together with coagulant aids such as FeCl
3
, Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
, and Ca(OH)
2
were investigated to improve the photoactivity of titanium dioxide (TiO
2
) produced from sludge and to increase the resulting low pH value. After TiCl
4
flocculation with three coagulant aids, the settled floc (sludge) was incinerated at 600°C to produce TiO
2
doped with Fe, Al, and Ca elements. Fe-, Al-, and Ca-doped TiO
2
was characterized in terms of structural, chemical, and photo-electronic properties. All the coagulant aids used together with Ti-salt flocculation effectively increased the pH values. The surface area of TiO
2
-WO (without any coagulant aids), Fe/TiO
2
, Al/TiO
2
, and Ca/TiO
2
was 122 m
2
/g, 77 m
2
/g, 136 m
2
/g and 116 m
2
/g, respectively. The TiO
2
-WO, Fe/TiO
2
, Al/TiO
2
, and Ca/TiO
2
was found to be of anatase phase. The XRD pattern on the Fe/TiO
2
included an additional peak of hematite (
α
-Fe
2
O
3
). The majority of gaseous acetaldehyde with TiO
2
-WO and Ca/TiO
2
for photocatalytic activity was completely removed within 40 minutes under UV irradiation.