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Off-line hyphenation of molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticle-based extraction with large volume sample stacking capillary electrophoresis for high-sensitivity detection of trace chloro-phenols
The present work developed a sensitive and selective method for the determination of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) in an environmental water sample by molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticle (Fe sub(3)O sub(4)IP) based extraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis (CE). The highly selective, fast and effective sample pretreatment method with Fe sub(3)O sub(4)IPs can overcome the low sensitivity of the highly efficient capillary electrophoresis-ultraviolet detection method (CE-UV). In order to further improve the detection sensitivity, the analytes eluted from the Fe sub(3)O sub(4)IPs were analyzed by the on-line sample preconcentration large volume sample stacking (LVSS) technique with MEKC. Under optimal concentration conditions, signal enhancements of 781, 3276 and 8916-fold were achieved for 4-CP, 2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP, respectively. The average recoveries of the three analytes in spiked water samples were 99.33-104.5% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 6.8%. The detection limits for 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were 1.1 10 super(-3), 2.13 10 super(-4) and 6.68 10 super(-5) mu g mL super(-1), respectively.