Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Lorente, D
• De Bono, J.S

Titel

Molecular alterations and emerging targets in castration resistant prostate cancer

Ist Teil von

• European journal of cancer (1990), 2014-03, Vol.50 (4), p.753-764

Ort / Verlag

Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2014

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Abstract Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in Western Europe, of which approximately 10–20% presents with advanced or metastatic disease. Initial response with androgen deprivation therapy is almost universal, but progression to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), an incurable disease, occurs in approximately 2–3 years. In recent years, the novel taxane cabazitaxel, the hormonal agents abiraterone and enzalutamide, the immunotherapeutic agent sipuleucel-T and the radiopharmaceutical radium-223 have been shown to prolong survival in large randomised trials, thus widely increasing the therapeutic armamentarium against the disease. Despite these advances, the median survival in the first-line setting of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is still up to 25 months and in the post-docetaxel setting is about 15–18 months. There is an urgent need for the development of biomarkers of treatment response, and for a deeper understanding of tumour heterogeneity and the molecular biology underlying the disease. In this review, we attempt to provide insight into the novel molecular targets showing promise in clinical trials.