Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Mehrali, Mehdi
• Moghaddam, Ehsan
• Shirazi, Seyed Farid Seyed
• Baradaran, Saeid
• Mehrali, Mohammad
• Latibari, Sara Tahan
• Metselaar, Hendrik Simon Cornelis
• Kadri, Nahrizul Adib
• Zandi, Keivan
• Osman, Noor Azuan Abu

Titel

Synthesis, Mechanical Properties, and in Vitro Biocompatibility with Osteoblasts of Calcium Silicate–Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites

Ist Teil von

• ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2014-03, Vol.6 (6), p.3947-3962

Ort / Verlag

United States: American Chemical Society

Erscheinungsjahr

2014

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Calcium silicate (CaSiO3, CS) ceramics are promising bioactive materials for bone tissue engineering, particularly for bone repair. However, the low toughness of CS limits its application in load-bearing conditions. Recent findings indicating the promising biocompatibility of graphene imply that graphene can be used as an additive to improve the mechanical properties of composites. Here, we report a simple method for the synthesis of calcium silicate/reduced graphene oxide (CS/rGO) composites using a hydrothermal approach followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP). Adding rGO to pure CS increased the hardness of the material by ∼40%, the elastic modulus by ∼52%, and the fracture toughness by ∼123%. Different toughening mechanisms were observed including crack bridging, crack branching, crack deflection, and rGO pull-out, thus increasing the resistance to crack propagation and leading to a considerable improvement in the fracture toughness of the composites. The formation of bone-like apatite on a range of CS/rGO composites with rGO weight percentages ranging from 0 to 1.5 has been investigated in simulated body fluid (SBF). The presence of a bone-like apatite layer on the composite surface after soaking in SBF was demonstrated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The biocompatibility of the CS/rGO composites was characterized using methyl thiazole tetrazolium (MTT) assays in vitro. The cell adhesion results showed that human osteoblast cells (hFOB) can adhere to and develop on the CS/rGO composites. In addition, the proliferation rate and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of cells on the CS/rGO composites were improved compared with the pure CS ceramics. These results suggest that calcium silicate/reduced graphene oxide composites are promising materials for biomedical applications.