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Gene regulatory networks and epigenetic modifications in cell differentiation
IUBMB life, 2014-02, Vol.66 (2), p.100-109
Roy, Siddhartha
Kundu, Tapas K.
2014
Volltextzugriff (PDF)
Details
Autor(en) / Beteiligte
Roy, Siddhartha
Kundu, Tapas K.
Titel
Gene regulatory networks and epigenetic modifications in cell differentiation
Ist Teil von
IUBMB life, 2014-02, Vol.66 (2), p.100-109
Ort / Verlag
England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Erscheinungsjahr
2014
Quelle
Wiley-Blackwell Journals
Beschreibungen/Notizen
It is becoming increasingly clear that the functionalities of an organism are mostly derived from regulation of its gene repertoire. Specialized cell types are created from pluripotent stem cells by regulating expression of genes. In eukaryotes, genes are primarily regulated by gene regulatory networks consisting of highly sequence‐specific transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. The former mode of regulation is more readily reversible and non‐heritable across cell generations, whereas the latter mode is less reversible and heritable. In this article, we explore the relationship between cell differentiation and the two modes of regulation of gene expression, focusing primarily on pluripotent and multipotent stem cells. Recent studies suggest that stem cells execute different gene expression programs, probably driven by one or more gene regulatory network(s). It is now also evident that as stem cells differentiate to more specialized progeny cells, rewriting of epigenetic marks occurs in parallel with the change in the pattern of gene expression. A conceptual framework is put forward in which it is proposed that the cell fate determining gene regulatory network in a pluripotent or multipotent cell has the capability to exist in multiple stationary states with each stationary state dictating a particular pattern of gene expression. We also propose that the broad pattern of gene expression in each stationary state, termed the lineage biased state or LIBS, resembles that of a more differentiated progeny cell. The differentiation process leading to a particular progeny cell involves rewriting of epigenetic marks that result in upregulation of genes in a LIBS and silencing of genes involved in alternative LIBS; thus selecting a particular pattern of gene expression and making a lineage commitment. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(2):100–109, 2014
Sprache
Englisch
Identifikatoren
ISSN: 1521-6543
eISSN: 1521-6551
DOI: 10.1002/iub.1249
Titel-ID: cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1508420111
Format
–
Schlagworte
cell differentiation
,
Cell Differentiation - genetics
,
Embryonic Development - genetics
,
Epigenesis, Genetic
,
epigenetic modification
,
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
,
gene regulatory network
,
Gene Regulatory Networks - genetics
,
Histones
,
multistationarity
,
Pluripotent Stem Cells
,
transcription factors
,
Transcription, Genetic
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