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To obtain modulators for reducing mitochondrial damage by the inhibition of AI2 oligomer formation, 2-phenylbenzofuran derivatives were designed and prepared. Their inhibitory activity against AI2 fibril formation was screened using ThT fluorescence assay, and the effect of derivatives on mitochondrial function was evaluated using JC-1 and MTT assay. 2-Phenylbenzofuran derivatives with dimethylamino group at p-position had an excellent inhibitory activity against AI2 fibril formation. Particularly, compound 19m alleviated mitochondrial damage remarkably and possessed protective effects against AI2-induced cytotoxicity.