Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Brückweh, Kerstin
• Schumann, D
• Wetzell, Richard F
• Ziemann, B
• Kerstin Brückweh
• Richard F. Wetzell
• Benjamin Ziemann
• Dirk Schumann
• Wetzell, Richard F.
• Schumann, Dirk
• Ziemann, Benjamin

Titel

Engineering Society: The Role of the Human and Social Sciences in Modern Societies, 1880-1980

Auflage

1

Ort / Verlag

London: Palgrave Macmillan

Erscheinungsjahr

2012

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• 01 02 Since the late nineteenth century the human and the social sciences have had a profound impact on how Western societies have defined and attempted to solve social problems. Explaining crime by reference to abnormalities of the brain, using market-research techniques to modify political strategies, or employing therapeutic institutions to promote democratic citizenship – these are just three examples of how the human and social sciences have been applied since 1880. Experts from many disciplines have occupied key positions in state and society, guided political decisions, and helped to establish new social institutions and practices. Their expertise has had to compete with other forms of knowledge and has been used by politicians and social actors for their own ends. Providing a transdisciplinary and comparative perspective, the essays in this volume address the tension between the claims to objectivity and the politicization of expert knowledge, examine the relationship between knowledge and power, and discuss long-term historical developments, thus transcending the political caesuras of twentieth-century history. 04 02 List of Illustrations List of Tables Acknowledgements Notes on Contributors Introduction. The Scientization of the Social in Comparative Perspective; B.Ziemann , R.F.Wetzell , D.Schumann & K.Brückweh Embedding the Human Sciences in Western Societies, 1880-1980. Reflections on Trends and Methods of Current Research; L.Raphael PART I: SOCIAL AND PENAL POLICY Contesting Risk. Specialist Knowledge and Workplace Accidents in Britain, Germany and Italy, 1870-1920; J.Moses Politics through the Back Door. Expert Knowledge in International Welfare Organizations; M.Lengwiler Rationalizing the Individual – Engineering Society. The Case of Sweden; T.Etzemüller The Neurosciences and Criminology: How Experts have moved into Public Policy and Debate; P.Becker PART II: DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY The Psychological Sciences and the 'Scientization' and 'Engineering' of Society in Twentieth-century Britain; M.Thomson Mental Health as Civic Virtue: Psychological Definitions of Citizenship in the Netherlands, 1900-1985; H.Oosterhuis Human Sciences, Child Reform and Politics in Spain, 1890-1936; T.Kössler Narcissism: Social Critique in Me-Decade America; E.Lunbeck PART III: POLLING, MARKETING, AND ORGANIZATIONS Hearing the Masses: The Modern Science of Opinion in the United States; S.Igo Observing the Sovereign. Opinion Polls and the Restructuring of the Body Politic in West Germany, 1945-1990; A.Kruke & B.Ziemann Consumers, Markets and Research: The Role of Political Rhetoric and the Social Sciences in the Engineering of British and American Consumer Society, 1920-1960; S.Schwarzkopf Business Organizations, Foundations, and the State as Promoters of Applied Social Sciences in the United States and Switzerland, 1890-1960; E.Walter-Busch Catholic Church Reform and Organizations Research in the Netherlands and Germany, 1945-1980; B.Ziemann & C.Dols Index 02 02 Explaining crime by reference to abnormalities of the brain is just one example of how the human and social sciences have influenced the approach to social problems in Western societies since 1880. Focusing on applications such as penal policy, therapy, and marketing, this volume examines how these sciences have become embedded in society. 19 02 Demonstrates how the social and human sciences have become embedded in Western societies since 1880 Provides pertinent case studies on the impact of statistics, criminology, polling and the psy-sciences in various policy fields Offers a comparative perspective on several Western European countries and the USA 31 02 This collection of essays examine the history of the applied social sciences between 1880 and 1980 in comparative perspective 13 02 BENJAMIN ZIEMANN is Professor of Modern German History at the University of Sheffield and author of Contested Commemorations. War Remembrances and Republican Politics in Weimar Germany (Cambridge: CUP 2013). KERSTIN BRÜCKWEH is a Research Fellow at the German Historical Institute London, UK, and editor of The Voice of the Citizen Consumer. A History of Market Research, Consumer Movements, and the Political Public Sphere (Oxford: OUP 2011). RICHARD F. WETZELL is a Research Fellow at the German Historical Institute in Washington DC and the author of Inventing the Criminal: A History of German Criminology, 1880-1945 (Chapel Hill, 2000). DIRK SCHUMANN is Professor of Modern and Contemporary History at Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany. His most recent book is (ed.) Raising Citizens in the 'Century of the Child'. Child Rearing in America and German Central Europe in the Twentieth Century (New York: Berghahn Books, 2010).