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Sex Differences in Competition-Based Attentional Selection
Ist Teil von
Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 2012, Vol.220 (2), p.90-97
Ort / Verlag
Göttingen: Hogrefe Publishing
Erscheinungsjahr
2012
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Sociological Abstracts
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Recent studies on attentional selection demonstrate that women are more
influenced by irrelevant spatial cues or distracters than men. Two possible
sources can be assumed to determine this alteration in information processing.
Women might suffer from deficient top-down control, which makes attentional
filters less efficient. On the other hand, higher integration of information
presented in close temporal relationship might mimic a deficit in spatial cueing
tasks. The latter should be restricted to conditions in which contradicting
information is processed. In the present study, participants had to detect
changes in luminance and to ignore orientation changes of stimuli that were
presented in the fast succession of two visual frames. Women committed more
errors when luminance and orientation changes were presented simultaneously at
distinct spatial locations (perceptual conflict) compared to men. In no other
condition a difference in performance between women and men was observed. Also
sensory components of the electroencephalogram showed no sex differences at all.
Only posterior components related to intentional allocation of attention in
conflict trials appear to be altered in women compared to men. An enhanced N2pc
was evoked in women when the perceptual conflict was high. The data provide
evidence that neither very early sensory processing nor the top-down control in
general is deficient in women. Enhanced distractibility rather arises from a
stronger integration of information, which might be due to enhanced
interhemispheric information integration in women compared to men.