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We introduce a new and easy-to-calculate measure for the expected degree of herd behavior or co-movement between stock prices. This forward looking measure is model-independent and based on observed option data. It is baptized the Herd Behavior Index (HIX).
The degree of co-movement in a stock market can be determined by comparing the observed market situation with the extreme (theoretical) situation under which the whole system is driven by a single factor. The HIX is then defined as the ratio of an option-based estimate of the risk-neutral variance of the market index and an option-based estimate of the corresponding variance in case of the extreme single factor market situation.
The HIX can be determined for any market index provided an appropriate series of vanilla options is traded on this index as well as on its components. As an illustration, we determine historical values of the 30-days HIX for the Dow Jones Industrial Average, covering the period January 2003 to October 2009.
► We introduce a new and easy to calculate measure for systemic risk in financial markets. ► This measure is baptized the Herd Behavior Index (HIX). ► It is model-independent and forward looking, based on observed option data. ► The HIX compares the observed market situation with the situation under which the whole system is driven by a single factor. ► We determine historical values of the 30-days implied Herd Behavior Index for the Dow Jones Industrial Average.