Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Castriotta, Luigi Angelo
• Infantino, Rossella
• Vesce, Luigi
• Stefanelli, Maurizio
• Dessì, Alessio
• Coppola, Carmen
• Calamante, Massimo
• Reginato, Gianna
• Mordini, Alessandro
• Sinicropi, Adalgisa
• Di Carlo, Aldo
• Zani, Lorenzo

Titel

Stable Methylammonium‐Free p‐i‐n Perovskite Solar Cells and Mini‐Modules with Phenothiazine Dimers as Hole‐Transporting Materials

Ist Teil von

• Energy & environmental materials (Hoboken, N.J.), 2023-11, Vol.6 (6), p.n/a

Ort / Verlag

Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc

Erscheinungsjahr

2023

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Free E-Journal (出版社公開部分のみ）

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• During the last decade, perovskite solar technologies underwent an impressive development, with power conversion efficiencies reaching 25.5% for single‐junction devices and 29.8% for Silicon‐Perovskite tandem configurations. Even though research mainly focused on improving the efficiency of perovskite photovoltaics (PV), stability and scalability remain fundamental aspects of a mature photovoltaics technology. For n‐i‐p structure perovskite solar cells, using poly‐triaryl(amine) (PTAA) as hole transport layer (HTL) allowed to achieve marked improvements in device stability compared with other common hole conductors. For p‐i‐n structure, poly‐triaryl(amine) is also routinely used as dopant‐free hole transport layer, but problems in perovskite film growth, and its limited resistance to stress and imperfect batch‐to‐batch reproducibility, hamper its use for device upscaling. Following previous computational investigations, in this work, we report the synthesis of two small‐molecule organic hole transport layers (BPT‐1,2), aiming to solve the above‐mentioned issues and allow upscale to the module level. By using BPT‐1 and methylammonium‐free perovskite, max. Power conversion efficiencies of 17.26% and 15.42% on a small area (0.09 cm2) and mini‐module size (2.25 cm2), respectively, were obtained, with a better reproducibility than with poly‐triaryl(amine). Moreover, BPT‐1 was demonstrated to yield more stable devices compared with poly‐triaryl(amine) under ISOS‐D1, T1, and L1 accelerated life‐test protocols, reaching maximum T90 values >1000 h on all tests. We report the fabrication and characterization of methylammonium‐free, p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells, and mini‐modules (2.25 cm2) containing two phenothiazine dimers as hole‐transporting materials. Thanks to their improved perovskite wettability, the devices showed a better reproducibility, a slightly higher average PCE, and a superior stability under working conditions compared to those prepared with PTAA, giving T90 values over 1000 h in standard D‐T‐L‐1 ISOS tests.