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Biodiesel is drawing interest as an alternative and eco-friendly substitute energy resource synthesized from vegetative and animals’ origin lipids. However, the costs of biodiesel feedstock still concern the researchers. Besides, the dependence on edible oils of first generation as a feedstock made the total footprint of biodiesel unsustainable since it threatens the sources of human food and consumes many resources during cultivation. For this regard, the current study was scoped to offer a reliable and affordable feedstock utilized from slaughterhouses’ wastes for biodiesel industry. Utilizing the tremendous amounts of discarded animal fats (DAFs) as a feedstock for biodiesel production minimizes slaughterhouses’ wastes and promotes sustainable energy resources. Technologies of DAFs disposal, lipids extraction, treatment, and conversion into biodiesel were critically discussed and compared based on advantages and disadvantages. Discussion was expanded to include the characteristics of animal-based biodiesel distinguished by higher heating value, cetane number, oxidation stability, and lower NO
x
emissions. Argument was evolved regarding the ethical, production, performance, and economic challenges. The results of this comprehensive review affirm the possibility of DAFs feedstock to offer affordable and sustainable biodiesel fuel.
Graphical abstract