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Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Thermocouple Intended for Thermoelectric Generators Using Low-Cost Nontoxic Materials
Ist Teil von
Journal of electronic materials, 2022-09, Vol.51 (9), p.5462-5472
Ort / Verlag
New York: Springer US
Erscheinungsjahr
2022
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
SpringerLink (Online service)
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Thermoelectricity, which converts heat energy directly into electricity, can be utilized as a waste heat recovery mechanism as well as an alternative energy resource. The thermoelectric generators (TEGs) consist of an array of
p–n
junctions made of two different thermoelectric materials (TEMs). TEGs can create a potential difference as a result of a temperature difference applied across the junction. Widely used and the best-known TEMs such as Bi
2
Te
3
and Sb
2
Te
3
are hazardous in nature. Therefore, there is an emerging need to search for new non-toxic TEMs. This study investigates the thermal, electrical, and thermoelectric properties of organic polyaniline (PANI) and the inorganic ceramic zinc oxide (ZnO). Further, it is extended to fabricate an organic/inorganic
p–n
junction suitable for hybrid TEGs using PANI and ZnO. Electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of PANI, ZnO, and Al-doped ZnO (Al-ZnO) and the Seebeck coefficient, figures of merit and power factors of respective thermocouples were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the successful synthesis of PANI, ZnO, and Al-ZnO. The temperature-dependent electrical conductivity of all the compounds exhibits a semiconductor behavior. The temperature-dependent Seebeck coefficient of PANI and Al-ZnO are consistent with the values reported in the literature. However, ZnO showed a deviation. The PANI-ZnO thermocouple generated a potential difference of 21.16 mV at a temperature difference of 77 K and these materials indicate promising prospects of nontoxic and low-temperature TEMs.
Graphical Abstract