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The use of local brittle fracture criteria for predicting the crack resistance of low-alloy steels is a generally accepted approach. The feasibility of this approach is analyzed as applied to the experimental smelts of high-strength low-alloy steel plates with yield strength amounting to about 1000 MPa, whose structural was studied earlier. Three types of cylindrical samples with an annular notch differing in the stress-strain state in the net cross section are tested. It is found that the use of the simplest formulation of such a criterion in the form of an energy condition for the propagation of microcracks through structural barriers (large-angle grain boundaries) leads to acceptable results for notched samples made of metal with different grain size and makes it possible to connect these results with the crack resistance of the studied materials.