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The objective of the study is to compare the growth of the citation impact of articles published by the Latin American and Caribbean science system in JCR journals outside the region with the impact of those published in journals within the region. 299,843 articles that received 1,421,045 citations were analyzed. To measure the impact, a fixed, three-year window of citations was considered for each article. 81% of the articles published appear in JCR journals outside the region, which accumulate 95% of the citations. The results confirm the existence of an accumulate advantage of articles published in JCR journals outside the region. When the number of articles in journals within the LAC region is doubled, the impact only increases 1.41 times. However, when the number of articles in JCR journals outside the region is doubled, the impact increases 3.60 times. The results constitute a warning to the committees of journals in the regions that compete with JCR journals located in the countries with the most developed economies, primarily the USA and the UK. LAC research assessment organizations should aim to enhance a mix of quantitative and qualitative indicators for more insightful evidence-based research journal quality evaluation, and avoid overuse of the journals’ impact factors on the research assessment processes, as the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment suggests (DORA).