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GC Analysis of Primary Fatty Acid Amides in Animal Fat
Ist Teil von
European journal of lipid science and technology, 2021-07, Vol.123 (7), p.n/a
Ort / Verlag
Weinheim: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Erscheinungsjahr
2021
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Waste animal fats represent a very attractive feedstock for biodiesel production. Primary fatty acid amides (PFAA) are a class or bioactive signaling lipids found in mammalian organisms, as well as several plant families. Waste animal fat coming from rendering plants can obtain up to 2.0% PFAA. After the conversion process they pose a risk in the final biodiesel as they can lead to deposits in storage tanks or plug fuel filters. In this paper, a method for efficient separation and quantification of PFAAs in waste animal fat is presented. The method consists of separation of PFAAs via solid phase extraction (SPE) using cartridges with 60 Å silica as stationary phase. The most effective eluents are determined to be hexane: ethyl acetate followed by chloroform: 2‐propanol. The isolated PFAAs are identified and quantified via gas chromatography‐flame ionization detector (GC‐FID) using nonadecanoic acid amide as an internal standard. The recovery of PFAAs in lard as matrix is determined to be around 100%. Six real samples are analyzed for the content of PFAAs leading to concentrations between 0.04% and 1%. Additionally, the limits of detection and quantification are determined to be 0.002% and 0.005%, respectively.
Practical applications: The developed method is an efficient tool for characterization and determination of primary fatty acid amides in animal fat used as starting material for biodiesel production. The developed simple and efficient separation of PFAA via SPE and GC‐FID analysis without derivatization can also be applied to other biological fat samples, such as fat tissue, and plasma samples or microbial oils.
An analytical method is presented for the determination of primary fatty acid amides (PFAA) in biodiesel produced from waste animal fat. PFAA are nonsoluble contaminants leading to fuel filter plugging. The method includes solid phase extraction with low amounts of solvents in order to remove triacylglycerols, and the eluate is analyzed by gas chromatography‐flame ionization detector with nonadecanoic acid amide as internal standard.