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Abstract
Background
Virulence factors of
Helicobacter pylori
including
cagA
,
vacA
,
iceA
and their association with clinical manifestation varied widely with different subpopulations. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of
cagA
,
iceA1
,
iceA2,
vacA
,
vacA s1/s2
,
vacA m1/m2
, Western type
cagA
and East Asian type
cagA
virulence genes in
H. pylori
isolated from gastric ulcer patients and evaluate the association of these genes with gender, age, smoking and alcohol consumption.
Methods
Gastric biopsy samples from 172 patients were collected.
H. pylori
virulence genes,
cagA
,
vacA
,
iceA1
,
iceA2
,
vacA s1/s2
,
vacA m1/m2
, Western type
cagA
and East Asian type
cagA
were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results
Of the gastric biopsy samples collected, 48.3% of samples grew
H. pylori.
The
vacA
(68.7%) was the predominant virulence gene detected and associated with male patients and patients within the age group of 31–40 years. The
cagA
was the second most common gene detected and significantly associated with alcoholic patients.
Conclusions
H. pylori
infection rate was 48.3% and was associated with patients who were smokers or had a history of smoking. The majority of our isolates were positive for any one of the virulence genes tested indicating that these isolates were highly virulent in nature.