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This paper presents an energy-efficient intelligent multisensor system for hazardous gases, whose performance can be adaptively optimized through a multimode structure and a learning-based pattern recognition algorithm. The multimode operation provides control capability on the tradeoff relationship between accuracy and power consumption. In-house microelectro-mechanical (MEMS) devices, with a suspended nanowire structure, are manufactured to provide desired characteristics of small size, low power, and high sensitivity. Pattern recognition to combine the dimensionality reduction and the neural network is adopted to improve the selectivity of MEMS gas sensors. Moreover, potential deviations in sensing characteristics are calibrated through a proposed self-calibration zooming structure. Reconfigurable circuits for these key features are integrated into an adaptive readout integrated circuit which is fabricated in a 180-nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor process. For its system-level verification, a wireless multichannel gas-sensor system prototype is implemented and experimentally verified to achieve 2.6 times efficiency improvement.