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Risk factors of pandemic influenza A / H 1 N 1 in a prospective household cohort in the general population: results from the C o P an F lu‐ F rance cohort
Ist Teil von
Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2015-01, Vol.9 (1), p.43-50
Ort / Verlag
Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Erscheinungsjahr
2015
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Wiley Online Library
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Background
The
C
o
P
an
F
lu‐
F
rance household cohort was set up in 2009 to identify risk factors of infection by the pandemic
A
/
H
1
N
1 (
H
1
N
1pdm09) virus in the general population.
Objectives
To investigate the determinants of infection during the 2010–2011 season, the first complete influenza season of study follow‐up for this cohort.
Patients/Methods
Pre‐ and post‐epidemic blood samples were collected for all subjects, and nasal swabs were obtained in all subjects from households where an influenza‐like illness was reported. Cases were defined as either a fourfold increase in the serological titer or a laboratory‐confirmed
H
1
N
1pdm09 on a nasal swab, with either
RT
‐
PCR
or multiplex
PCR
. Risk factors for
H
1
N
1pdm09 infections were explored, without any pre‐specified hypothesis, among 167 individual, collective and environmental covariates via generalized estimating equations modeling. We adopted a multimodel selection procedure to control for model selection uncertainty.
Results
This analysis is based on a sample size of 1121 subjects. The final multivariable model identified one risk factor (history of asthma,
OR
= 2·17; 95%
CI
: 1·02–4·62) and three protective factors: pre‐epidemic serological titer (
OR
= 0·51 per doubling of the titer; 95%
CI
: 0·39–0·67), green tea consumption a minimum of two times a week (
OR
= 0·39; 95%
CI
: 0·18–0·84), and proportion of subjects in the household always covering their mouth while coughing/sneezing (
OR
= 0·93 per 10% increase; 95%
CI
: 0·86–1·00).
Conclusion
This exploratory study provides further support of previously reported risk factors and highlights the importance of collective protective behaviors in the household. Further analyses will be conducted to explore these findings.