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Diglycolic acid induces HepG2/C3A liver cell toxicity in vitro
Ist Teil von
Toxicology in vitro, 2018-10, Vol.52, p.87-93
Ort / Verlag
England: Elsevier Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2018
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Alma/SFX Local Collection
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Carboxymethyl starches are added to food products for thickening or tablet binding/filling purposes. Although they lack toxicity, their synthesis creates the chemical byproduct diglycolic acid (DGA), which is difficult to eliminate and whose toxicity is in question. A rare case of an accidental direct exposure to extremely high concentrations of DGA in a person revealed that DGA has the potential to be toxic to several organs, with the kidneys and liver being the most affected organs. Given that DGA is present in our food supply as a chemical byproduct of carboxymethyl starch food additives, we sought to perform in vitro testing of its potential hepatotoxicity to help complement a recent in vivo rat acute dose-response study that also tested for the potential hepatotoxic effects of daily DGA ingestion by oral gavage over a period of 28 days. Using the HepG2/C3A cellular in vitro model, we tested how escalating doses of DGA exposure over 24 h could induce hepatotoxicity. Both in vitro and in vivo testing systems revealed that DGA is indeed a hepatotoxin once a certain exposure threshold is reached. The concordance of these models highlights the utility of in vitro testing to support and help predict in vivo findings.
•Diglycolic acid (DGA) is an indirect food additive and a potential hepatotoxin.•In vitro exposure of liver cell model HepG2/C3a to DGA reveals potential adverse effects.•Cytotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species, and mitotoxicity are prominent findings.•Concordance between in vitro and in vivo effects is demonstrated.