Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Dang, Tong
• Lei, Jiuhou
• Wang, Wenbin
• Zhang, Binzheng
• Burns, Alan
• Le, Huijun
• Wu, Qian
• Ruan, Haibing
• Dou, Xiankang
• Wan, Weixing

Titel

Global Responses of the Coupled Thermosphere and Ionosphere System to the August 2017 Great American Solar Eclipse

Ist Teil von

• Journal of geophysical research. Space physics, 2018-08, Vol.123 (8), p.7040-7050

Ort / Verlag

Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Erscheinungsjahr

2018

Quelle

Wiley Online Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• It is commonly believed that solar eclipses have a great impact on the ionosphere‐thermosphere (I‐T) system within the eclipse shadow, but little attention has been paid to the global response to these events. In this study, we investigate the global upper atmospheric responses to the recent Great American Solar Eclipse that occurred on 21 August 2017 using a high‐resolution coupled ionosphere‐thermosphere‐electrodynamics model. The simulation results show that the ionosphere and thermosphere response to the eclipse is not just local but global. Large‐scale traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs), seen in the thermospheric temperature and winds, were triggered from the eclipse region and propagated in a southeast direction when the eclipse ended. A large total electron content (TEC) enhancement occurred over South America after the eclipse was over. The TEC enhancement was primarily the result of transport by the thermospheric wind perturbations associated with the eclipse‐induced TADs. The perturbations of TEC, neutral temperature, and winds exhibited asymmetric distributions with respect to the totality path during the solar eclipse. Furthermore, ionospheric electrodynamic processes also play an important role in the global responses of the I‐T system to the solar eclipse. Unlike the case of large‐scale TADs propagating from the eclipse region to other locations in the globe, the ionospheric electric fields and plasma drifts began to show significant perturbations even during the local pre‐eclipse period when local wind and temperature had not been perturbed. This is related to the instantaneous global response of the ionospheric current system to changes in the ionospheric conductivity and winds in the eclipse region. Plain Language Summary The ionosphere is a region at about 60–1,000 km, where the upper atmosphere includes the layers of the mesosphere and thermosphere and the neutral gas is partially ionized by the solar irradiation. During the solar eclipse, the ionosphere‐thermosphere (I‐T) system within the Moon's shadow can be greatly changed by the reduction of solar flux and energy input. However, little attention has been paid to the global I‐T responses. High‐resolution simulations of the 21 August 2017 solar eclipse provide us new insight that the I‐T response to the eclipse is not just local but global. Eclipse passage generated global perturbations of the ionosphere and thermosphere through dynamic and electrodynamic processes. Key Points The solar eclipse caused thermospheric and ionospheric changes over the entire globe Large‐scale TADs were triggered by the eclipse and caused TEC enhancements over South America after the eclipse Ionospheric plasma drifts strongly responded to the solar eclipse due to global wind and electrodynamics coupling