Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Fu, Lian-Hua
• Qi, Chao
• Lin, Jing
• Huang, Peng

Titel

Catalytic chemistry of glucose oxidase in cancer diagnosis and treatment

Ist Teil von

• Chemical Society reviews, 2018-08, Vol.47 (17), p.6454-6472

Ort / Verlag

England: Royal Society of Chemistry

Erscheinungsjahr

2018

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Glucose oxidase (GOx) is an endogenous oxido-reductase that is widely distributed in living organisms. Over recent years, GOx has attracted increasing interest in the biomedical field due to its inherent biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and unique catalysis against β- d -glucose. GOx efficiently catalyzes the oxidization of glucose into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), which can be employed by various biosensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers. Various cancer therapeutic strategies have also been developed based on the catalytic chemistry of GOx: (1) the consumption of glucose provides an alternative strategy for cancer-starvation therapy; (2) the consumption of oxygen increases tumor hypoxia, which can be harnessed for hypoxia-activated therapy; (3) the generation of gluconic acid enhances the acidity of the tumor microenvironment, which can trigger pH-responsive drug release; (4) the generation of H 2 O 2 increases the levels of tumor oxidative stress, and the H 2 O 2 can be converted into toxic hydroxyl radicals that can kill cancer cells upon exposure to light irradiation or via the Fenton reaction. More importantly, GOx can be combined with other enzymes, hypoxia-activated prodrugs, photosensitizers or Fenton's reagents, to generate multi-modal synergistic cancer therapies based on cancer starvation therapy, hypoxia-activated therapy, oxidation therapy, photodynamic therapy, and/or photothermal therapy. Such multi-modal approaches are anticipated to exert a stronger therapeutic effect than one therapeutic mode alone. Thus, maximizing the potential of GOx in a biomedical context will offer novel clinical solutions to diagnose and treat cancer. In this tutorial review, we introduce the recent advances of GOx in cancer diagnosis and treatment. We then emphasize the design principles and biomedical applications of GOx-based biosensors and cancer therapeutic approaches. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of GOx-based catalytic systems in biomedicine. This tutorial review focuses on the state-of-the-art progress in GOx-based cancer diagnosis and treatment, including the general principles for the design and construction of GOx-based biosensors and cancer therapeutic approaches, and their biological applications in detail. Moreover, the current trends and key problems, as well as the challenges and future prospects of GOx-based catalytic systems in biomedicine are also discussed in the end.