Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Uauy, Ricardo
• Cediel, Gustavo
• Parra, Diana C
• Khandpur, Neha
• Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa
• Moubarac, Jean-Claude
• Levy, Renata Bertazzi
• Reyes, Marcela
• Corvalan, Camila
• Monteiro, Carlos

Titel

ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS AND NUTRIENT PROFILE OF DIETS CONSUMED IN CHILE AND COLOMBIA

Ist Teil von

• Annals of nutrition and metabolism, 2017-10, Vol.71, p.103

Ort / Verlag

Basel: S. Karger AG

Erscheinungsjahr

2017

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Background and Objective: A rapid simultaneous increase in sales of ultra-processed foods and prevalence of obesity and other diet-related non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) has been observed in Latin America over the past decades. Our study describes the consumption of ultra-processed foods and its association with the nutrient profile of diets in Chile and Colombia. Methods: Data from probabilistic samples studied by cross-sectional dietary studies carried out in Chile (Chi) in 2010 (n=4920 individuals >2y) and Colombia (Col) in 2005 (n= 38643 individuals 2-64 y) were analyzed. Food consumption data were obtained by 24-hour diet recalls and food items were classified into the four NOVA food groups (unprocessed or minimal processed foods/ processed culinary ingredients/ processed foods/ and ultra- processed foods). In each country, the mean dietary nutrient content of total fat, saturated fat, trans fat and free sugars (as % of total energy intake), and the mean diet energy density (kcal/g) and fiber density (g/1000 kcal) were calculated across quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods (as % of total energy intake). Gaussian regression analyses and regression coefficients (β) adjusted for potential confounding factors (sex, age, location (urban/ rural), region, socioeconomic status and years of education) were used to estimate the association between quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and dietary nutrient content. Results: In Chile and Colombia, 28.6% and 15.9% of total daily energy intake came from ultra-processed foods, respectively. In both countries, after adjustment for sociodemographic variables, a positive and statistically significant linear trend was found between quintiles of the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and the dietary content in total fat [β (95%CI): Chi: 1.2 (0.9, 1.5); Col: 0.7 (0.5, 0.9)], saturated fat [β: Chi: 0.5 (0.4, 0.6); Col: 0.5 (0.4, 0.6)], trans fat [β: Chi: 0.02 (0.005, 0.03)], free sugars [β: Chi: 2.8 (2.5, 3.1); Col: 1.1 (0.8, 1.3)], and the diet energy density [β: Chi: 0.09 (0.07, 0.1); Col: 0.07 (0.06, 0.07]. In contrast, a negative and statistically significant linear trend was observed for protein content [β: Chi: -1.1 (-1.2, -0.9); Col: -0.2 (-0.3, -0.1)] and fiber density [β: Chi: -0.9 (-1.0, -0.7); Col: -0.9 (-1.0, -0.8)]. Conclusions: Almost 30% of total calories consumed by the Chilean population were derived from ultra-processed foods while those foods represented less than 20% of energy intake in Colombia. However, in both countries, the consumption of ultra-processed foods was strongly associated with dietary nutrient profiles predictive of increased incidence of obesity and other diet-related NCDs. Actions aimed at reducing the intake of ultra-processed foods and increasing the consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and freshly prepared home-cooked dishes made with these foods plus processed culinary ingredients and appropriately processed foods emerge as potentially effective to achieve a healthy diet.