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This paper analyzes the semantic possibilities for Chinese lacquered wood in eighteenth-century Europe through exploring its use in an architectural commission by the Habsburg Empress Maria Theresa for her summer palace at Schönbrunn, located outside of Vienna. The article further examines the values that lacquered wood likely suggested to her and to the palace's noble visitors. In the Vieux-Laque Zimmer, Viennese copies of Asian lacquer combined with originals to produce a composite design, but one that hides its origins in visual trickery. This room attests to Vienna's growing skill at competing in the European market for luxury goods, and ultimately suggests that Maria Theresa harnessed lacquer's associative values for the purpose of dynastic glorification. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]