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Long‐term effects of sulfidized silver nanoparticles in sewage sludge on soil microflora
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2017-12, Vol.36 (12), p.3305-3313
Kraas, Marco
Schlich, Karsten
Knopf, Burkhard
Wege, Franziska
Kägi, Ralf
Terytze, Konstantin
Hund‐Rinke, Kerstin
2017
Volltextzugriff (PDF)
Details
Autor(en) / Beteiligte
Kraas, Marco
Schlich, Karsten
Knopf, Burkhard
Wege, Franziska
Kägi, Ralf
Terytze, Konstantin
Hund‐Rinke, Kerstin
Titel
Long‐term effects of sulfidized silver nanoparticles in sewage sludge on soil microflora
Ist Teil von
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2017-12, Vol.36 (12), p.3305-3313
Ort / Verlag
United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Quelle
Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals
Beschreibungen/Notizen
The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products such as textiles leads to their discharge into wastewater and consequently to a transfer of the AgNPs to soil ecosystems via biosolids used as fertilizer. In urban wastewater systems (e.g., sewer, wastewater treatment plant [WWTP], anaerobic digesters) AgNPs are efficiently converted into sparingly soluble silver sulfides (Ag2S), mitigating the toxicity of the AgNPs. However, long‐term studies on the bioavailability and effects of sulfidized AgNPs on soil microorganisms are lacking. Thus we investigated the bioavailability and long‐term effects of AgNPs (spiked in a laboratory WWTP) on soil microorganisms. Before mixing the biosolids into soil, the sludges were either anaerobically digested or directly dewatered. The effects on the ammonium oxidation process were investigated over 140 d. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) suggested an almost complete sulfidation of the AgNPs analyzed in all biosolid samples and in soil, with Ag2S predominantly detected in long‐term incubation experiments. However, despite the sulfidation of the AgNPs, soil ammonium oxidation was significantly inhibited, and the degree of inhibition was independent of the sludge treatment. The results revealed that AgNPs sulfidized under environmentally relevant conditions were still bioavailable to soil microorganisms. Consequently, Ag2S may exhibit toxic effects over the long term rather than the short term. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3305–3313. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were applied via biosolids into soil after four different treatments (aerobic and anaerobic digestion, each with and without an additional increase of sulfur (S) during wastewater treatment) and the effect of the sulfidized AgNPs on the soil nitrification process determined. Despite of the sulfidation of the AgNPs, the soil nitrification was significantly inhibited on a long term and the degree of inhibition was independent of the sludge treatment.
Sprache
Englisch
Identifikatoren
ISSN: 0730-7268
eISSN: 1552-8618
DOI: 10.1002/etc.3904
Titel-ID: cdi_proquest_journals_1968583777
Format
–
Schlagworte
Ammonium
,
Anaerobic digestion
,
Anaerobic treatment
,
Bioavailability
,
Biosolids
,
Consumer products
,
Electron microscopy
,
Fertilizers
,
Long-term effects
,
Metal Nanoparticles - analysis
,
Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity
,
Microflora
,
Microorganisms
,
Nanoecotoxicology
,
Nanoparticles
,
Oxidation
,
Oxidation process
,
Sewage - chemistry
,
Sewage sludge
,
Silver
,
Silver - analysis
,
Silver - toxicity
,
Silver Compounds - analysis
,
Silver Compounds - toxicity
,
Sludge treatment
,
Soil - chemistry
,
Soil ecotoxicology
,
Soil investigations
,
Soil Microbiology
,
Soil microorganisms
,
Soil Pollutants - analysis
,
Soil Pollutants - toxicity
,
Soils
,
Solid wastes
,
Sulfidized Ag nanoparticles
,
Textiles
,
Toxicity
,
Toxicology
,
Transmission electron microscopy
,
Waste Water - chemistry
,
Wastewater discharges
,
Wastewater treatment
,
Wastewater treatment plants
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