Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2017-07, Vol.36 (7), p.1755-1763
2017
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- Autor(en) / Beteiligte
- Titel
- Ecotoxicological assessment of glyphosate‐based herbicides: Effects on different organisms
- Ist Teil von
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2017-07, Vol.36 (7), p.1755-1763
- Ort / Verlag
- United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
- Erscheinungsjahr
- 2017
- Quelle
- MEDLINE
- Beschreibungen/Notizen
- Glyphosate‐based herbicides are the most commonly used worldwide because they are effective and relatively nontoxic to nontarget species. Unlimited and uncontrolled use of such pesticides can have serious consequences for human health and ecological balance. The present study evaluated the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of 2 glyphosate‐based formulations, Roundup Original (Roundup) and Glyphosate AKB 480 (AKB), on different organisms: cucumber (Cucumis sativus), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) seeds, and microcrustacean Artemia salina and zebrafish (Danio rerio) early life stages. For the germination endpoint, only L. esculentum presented significant sensitivity to AKB and L. sativa to Roundup, whereas both formulations significantly inhibited the root growth of all species tested. Both AKB and Roundup induced significant toxicity to A. salina; both are classified as category 3, which indicates a hazard for the aquatic environment, according to criteria of the Globally Harmonized Classification System. However, Roundup was more toxic than AKB, with 48‐h median lethal concentration (LC50) values of 14.19 mg/L and 37.53 mg/L, respectively. For the embryo–larval toxicity test, Roundup proved more toxic than AKB for the mortality endpoint (96‐h LC50 values of 10.17 mg/L and 27.13 mg/L, respectively), whereas for the hatching parameter, AKB was more toxic than Roundup. No significant genotoxicity to zebrafish larvae was found. We concluded that AKB and Roundup glyphosate‐based formulations are phytotoxic and induce toxic effects in nontarget organisms such as A. salina and zebrafish early life stages. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1755–1763. © 2016 SETAC
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Identifikatoren
- ISSN: 0730-7268eISSN: 1552-8618DOI: 10.1002/etc.3580Titel-ID: cdi_proquest_journals_1914156999
- Format
- –
- Schlagworte
- Acute toxicity, Agrochemicals, Animals, Aquatic environment, Aquatic toxicology, Artemia, Artemia - drug effects, Artemia - growth & development, Artemia salina, Classification, Cucumis sativus, Cucumis sativus - drug effects, Cucumis sativus - growth & development, Danio rerio, Ecological balance, Ecological monitoring, Ecology, Embryo, Nonmammalian - drug effects, Embryo, Nonmammalian - physiology, Environmental toxicology, Formulations, Genotoxicity, Germination, Germination - drug effects, Glycine - analogs & derivatives, Glycine - toxicity, Glyphosate, Hatching, Herbicide, Herbicides, Herbicides - toxicity, Humans, Lactuca - drug effects, Lactuca - growth & development, Lactuca sativa, Larva - drug effects, Larva - growth & development, Larvae, Lethal Dose 50, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nontarget organisms, Organisms, Pesticides, Phytotoxicity, Plant Roots - drug effects, Plant Roots - growth & development, Roundup, Seeds, Seeds - drug effects, Seeds - growth & development, Solanum lycopersicum - drug effects, Solanum lycopersicum - growth & development, Toxicity, Toxicity testing, Toxicity Tests, Acute, Zebrafish, Zebrafish - growth & development, Zebrafish - physiology