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How Rivers Get Across Mountains: Transverse Drainages
Ist Teil von
Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 2017-03, Vol.107 (2), p.274-283
Ort / Verlag
Washington: Routledge
Erscheinungsjahr
2017
Link zum Volltext
Quelle
Taylor & Francis
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Although mountains represent a barrier to the flow of liquid water across our planet and an Earth of impenetrable mountains would have produced a very different geography, many rivers do cross mountain ranges. These transverse drainages cross mountains through one of four general mechanisms: antecedence-the river maintains its course during mountain building (orogeny); superimposition-a river erodes across buried bedrock atop erodible sediment or sedimentary rock, providing a route across what later becomes an exhumed mountain range; piracy or capture-where a steeper gradient path captures a lower gradient drainage across a low relief interfluve; and overflow-a basin fills with sediment and water, ultimately breaching the lowest sill to create a new river. This article reviews research that aids in identifying the mechanism responsible for a transverse drainage, notes a major misconception about the power of headward eroding streams that has dogged scholarship, and examines the transverse drainage at the Grand Canyon in Arizona.