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Conflict Monitoring Across the Life Span: How to Tell Right From Wrong and Act Accordingly
Ist Teil von
Journal of psychophysiology, 2014-01, Vol.28 (3), p.124-135
Ort / Verlag
Hogrefe Publishing
Erscheinungsjahr
2014
Quelle
EBSCOhost APA PsycARTICLES
Beschreibungen/Notizen
Errors can play a major role for optimizing subsequent performance: Response
conflict associated with (near) errors signals the need to recruit additional
control resources to minimize future conflict. However, so far it remains open
whether children and older adults also adjust their performance as a function of
preceding response conflict. To examine the life span development of conflict
detection and resolution, response conflict was elicited during a task-switching
paradigm. Electrophysiological correlates of conflict detection for correct and
incorrect responses and behavioral indices of post-error adjustments were
assessed while participants in four age groups were asked to focus on either
speed or accuracy. Despite difficulties in resolving response conflict, the
ability to detect response conflict as indexed by the Ne/ERN component
was expected to mature early and be preserved in older adults. As predicted,
reliable Ne/ERN peaks were detected across age groups. However, only for
adults Ne/ERN amplitudes associated with errors were larger compared to
Nc/CRN amplitudes for correct trials under accuracy instructions,
suggesting an ongoing maturation in the ability to differentiate levels of
response conflict. Behavioral interference costs were considerable in both
children and older adults. Performance for children and older adults
deteriorated rather than improved following errors, in line with intact conflict
detection, but impaired conflict resolution. Thus, participants in all age
groups were able to detect response conflict, but only young adults successfully
avoided subsequent conflict by up-regulating control.