Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Woch, Marcin

Titel

Xerothermic vegetation of fallow lands in western Małopolska

Ist Teil von

• Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio C. Biologia, 2011-01, Vol.66 (1), p.105

Ort / Verlag

Lublin: Maria Curie-Skłodowska University

Erscheinungsjahr

2011

Quelle

EZB Electronic Journals Library

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Xerothermic vegetation of fallow lands in western Malopolska In 2005-2011 the occurrence of xerothermic vegetation on fallow lands located on hills near Trzebinia and Jaworzno was studied. The Braun-Blanquet relevés were performed on SE, S and SW slopes. Well-drained brown loamy soils developed on shallow sands on Triassic dolomites, lime-stone and Myslachowice conglomerate dominating at the sites. Investigations were also conducted on amid-field balks and fallow lands where in 2005 moderate agricultural activity was resumed. In general, superficial ploughing has not eliminated plant cover, but only disturbed turf and uncovered soil seed bank of former cultivation weeds. Fields 10-15 years after they had been abandoned, were dominated by the [Dauco-Picridetum hieracioidis] xerothermic ruderal association, with considerable share of [Malva alcea] and [Verbascum] species ([V densiflorum, V. lychnitis, V. phlomoides] and [V. thapsus]) in younger fallows. These communities were characterized by occurrence of xerothermic grasslands and warm thickets taxons from [Festuco-Brometea] and [Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei] classes, i.a.: [Achillea pannonica, Allium scorodoprasum, Bromus erectus, Centaurea stoebe, Cerinthe minor, Filipendula vulgaris, Fragaria viridis, Gentianella ciliata, Phleum phleoides, Valeriana angustifolia, Veronica spicata, Viola hirta] and [Thesium linophyllon]. Additionally, on ploughed fallows in gaps of turf numerous annual and biennial segetal as well as ruderal species were observed. In many places thermophilous segetal association of [Papaveretum argemones] developed, in which a significant share of [Avena fatua, Camelina microcarpa] subsp. [sylvestris, Consolida regalis, Lithospermum arvense] and [Papaver rhoeas] was noted in addition to [Arabidopsis thaliana, Papaver argemone] and [Veronica triphyllos]. The oldest fallows (20-25 years after abandonment), amid-fields steep slopes and balks were covered by [Geranio-Peucedanietum cervariae] associations. Their physiognomy was formed by [Agrimonia eupatoria, Brachypodium pinnatum] and [Origanum vulgare], sometimes also by [Geranium sanguineum, Peucedanum cervaria] and [P. oreoselinum]. This vegetation was in spatial contact with thermophilous thickets of [Berberidion] alliance with [Cornus sanguinea, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Rhamnus cathartica], and [Rosa canina]. On xerothermic post-agricultural areas specific stable communities formed by thermophilous species from meadows, ruderals, grasslands and thickets occurred. A new phenomenon of recent years, related to EU benefits - superficial ploughing of fallows, not followed by regular cultivation - favours segetal vegetation. Weeds communities are regressing in Europe as an effect of modern agriculture. Post-agricultural secondary habitats are important elements that should be taken into account in studies of appearance and protection of xerothermic plants.