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Recent findings have suggested that H
2
O
2
is an important signaling molecule for regulating plant responses to abiotic stress. H
2
O
2
plays a critical role in NaCl stress. Heme oxygenase (HO) is known to play a protective role against oxidative stress. In this study, we examined the possible involvement of H
2
O
2
in regulating NaCl-promoted HO activity in rice roots. Treatment with NaCl increased HO activity and H
2
O
2
content in rice roots. As well, NaCl could induce
OsHO1
mRNA expression. NaCl (150 mM) and NaNO
3
(150 mM) were equally effective in inducing HO activity. However, mannitol at the concentration (276 mM) iso-osmotic with 150 mM NaCl had no effect on HO activity. NaCl-promoted HO activity and
OsHO1
expression in rice roots was reduced by NADPH oxidase inhibitors i.e. dipehnyleneiodonium and imidazole. Moreover, exogenous application of H
2
O
2
enhanced the activity of HO and the mRNA level of
OsHO1.
Our data suggest that H
2
O
2
production plays a positive role in NaCl- induced HO activity by enhancing its mRNA level in rice roots.