Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Mishra, Keerti
• Jain, Akhlesh Kumar
• Shahzad, Yasser

Titel

Nanomaterials for Lungs Targeting

Ist Teil von

• Drug Delivery Using Nanomaterials, 2022, p.229-256

Auflage

1

Ort / Verlag

United Kingdom: CRC Press

Erscheinungsjahr

2022

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

Alma/SFX Local Collection

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Selective tissue targeting in the body can be achieved by inhalational, parental, and oral routes of drug delivery, and nanotechnology has been employed in all three approaches. However, the large surface area of lungs makes it a suitable route of administration for treatment of not only pulmonary disorders but also systemic disorders. From previous to this era, nanotechnology has provided great opportunities for the treatment of various clinical complications via selective targeting of various organs, lung/pulmonary targeting is among one of those. For lung targeting, nanocarriers demonstrated enhanced bioavailability of drugs and biological macromolecules in the area of interest. Nanomaterials help in pulmonary therapies by selectively delivering the therapeutics to the targeted particular cell types, hence showing improved bioavailability and release kinetics. Nanomaterials have been increasingly predicted for the delivery of therapeutics in the lungs. By limiting phagocytic uptake or decreasing macrophage uptake with the right particle size and polymers, interior lung targeting can be easily accomplished. Incorporating related therapeutics in polymeric nanomaterials provides a prolonged drug release and capability to delivering the drug to the cells or organs of interest. Pulmonary targeting of nanomaterials has to still overcome numerous limitations, such as stability of formulation or poor delivery efficiency. This chapter is not limited to selective targeting of nanomaterials in lungs but also includes other relevant topics, such as mechanism of drug delivery to the lung, selection of materials for selective targeting, role of size of in targeting, challenges and limitations of the drug carriers, and selective targeting of nanocarriers to the lungs, which can show positive progress in terms of drug kinetics that leads to enhanced therapeutic effect with greater safety. Since the past two decades, numerous approaches through nasal and repiratory tract have been revealed and exploited for the delivery of drug candidates, which have enabled the use of different drugs via the aforementioned route. This chapter discusses drug delivery through the pulmonary route along with the various nanomaterials used for lung targeting. Drug therapies can go to a variety of places after entering the lungs, including interactions with air-liquid interfaces, diffusion pathways, transit via respiratory epithelia, and mucus clearance. Lungs are extremely vascularized organs with a widely large surface area, which helps in improving the drug bioavailability up to a higher extent. Microspheres are widely preferred as the drug carrier for targeting to diverse places. Inhalation of encapsulated pharmaceuticals in microspheres in the form of aerosolized pharmaceuticals can be regarded as the most effective method of medication delivery to the systemic circulation.