Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Teng, Allen C. T.
• Miyake, Tetsuaki
• Yokoe, Shunichi
• Zhang, Liyong
• Rezende, Luís Mário
• Sharma, Parveen
• MacLennan, David H.
• Liu, Peter P.
• Gramolini, Anthony O.

Titel

Metformin increases degradation of phospholamban via autophagy in cardiomyocytes

Ist Teil von

• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2015-06, Vol.112 (23), p.7165-7170

Ort / Verlag

United States: National Academy of Sciences

Erscheinungsjahr

2015

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Phospholamban (PLN) is an effective inhibitor of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca ²⁺ ATPase (SERCA). Here, we examined PLN stability and degradation in primary cultured mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes (CMNCs) and mouse hearts using immunoblotting, molecular imaging, and [ ³⁵S]methionine pulse-chase experiments, together with lysosome (chloroquine and bafilomycin A1) and autophagic (3-methyladenine and Atg5 siRNA) antagonists. Inhibiting lysosomal and autophagic activities promoted endogenous PLN accumulation, whereas accelerating autophagy with metformin enhanced PLN degradation in CMNCs. This reduction in PLN levels was functionally correlated with an increased rate of SERCA2a activity, accounting for an inotropic effect of metformin. Metabolic labeling reaffirmed that metformin promoted wild-type and R9C PLN degradation. Immunofluorescence showed that PLN and the autophagy marker, microtubule light chain 3, became increasingly colocalized in response to chloroquine and bafilomycin treatments. Mechanistically, pentameric PLN was polyubiquitinylated at the K3 residue and this modification was required for p62-mediated selective autophagy trafficking. Consistently, attenuated autophagic flux in HECT domain and ankyrin repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1-null mouse hearts was associated with increased PLN levels determined by immunoblots and immunofluorescence. Our study identifies a biological mechanism that traffics PLN to the lysosomes for degradation in mouse hearts. Significance Phospholamban (PLN) can regulate Ca ²⁺ uptake rates in the sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiomyocytes. However, the mechanisms that control PLN levels are not fully understood. This study shows that PLN degradation depends on ubiquitinylation of its lysine 3 residue and p62-mediated selective autophagy. Metformin was shown to accelerate autophagy and to induce PLN degradation, resulting in increased Ca ²⁺ uptake. These results suggest that changes in PLN degradation could account for the cardiac inotropic effects of metformin.