Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Jo, Wonji
• Lee, Sangmi
• Joo, Young Su
• Nam, Ki Heon
• Yun, Hae-Ryong
• Chang, Tae Ik
• Kang, Ea wha
• Yoo, Tae-Hyun
• Han, Seung Hyeok
• Kang, Shin-Wook
• Park, Jung Tak
• Glantz, Stanton A.

Titel

Association of smoking with incident CKD risk in the general population: A community-based cohort study

Ist Teil von

• PloS one, 2020-08, Vol.15 (8), p.e0238111-e0238111

Ort / Verlag

San Francisco: Public Library of Science

Erscheinungsjahr

2020

Link zum Volltext

Quelle

EZB Free E-Journals

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem, and an unfavorable lifestyle has been suggested as a modifiable risk factor for CKD. Cigarette smoking is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and cancers; however, there is a lack of evidence to prove that smoking is harmful for kidney health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and CKD among healthy middle-aged adults. Methods Using the database from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, we analyzed 8,661 participants after excluding those with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)60 ml/min/1.72 m.sup.2 or proteinuria. Exposure of interest was smoking status: never-, former-, and current-smokers. Primary outcome was incident CKD defined as eGFR 60 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 or newly developed proteinuria. Results The mean age of the subjects was 52 years, and 47.6% of them were males. There were 551 (6.4%) and 1,255 (14.5%) subjects with diabetes and hypertension, respectively. The mean eGFR was 93.0 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 . Among the participants, 5,140 (59.3%), 1,336 (15.4%), and 2,185 (25.2%) were never-smokers, former-smokers, and current-smokers, respectively. During a median follow-up of 11.6 years, incident CKD developed in 1,941 (22.4%) subjects with a crude incidence rate of 25.1 (24.0-26.2) per 1,000 person-years. The multivariable Cox regression analysis after adjustment of confounding factors showed hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 1.13 (0.95-1.35) and 1.26 (1.07-1.48) for CKD development in the former- and current-smokers, compared with never-smokers. Conclusion This study showed that smoking was associated with a higher risk of incident CKD among healthy middle-aged adults.