Details

Autor(en) / Beteiligte

• Glowacki, Robert W P
• Martens, Eric C
• Knoll, Laura J.

Titel

In sickness and health: Effects of gut microbial metabolites on human physiology

Ist Teil von

• PLoS pathogens, 2020-04, Vol.16 (4), p.e1008370-e1008370

Ort / Verlag

United States: Public Library of Science

Erscheinungsjahr

2020

Quelle

MEDLINE

Beschreibungen/Notizen

• Effects in the gut include preventing pathogen invasion through bile salt modifications [26], mucus layer erosion when the host lacks dietary fiber [27], and accelerating DNA damage that promotes tumor formation [9, 10]. References for associations highlighted in the figure that are not mentioned in detail in the main text: autism [21, 33], Parkinson’s [64, 65], depression [29], multiple sclerosis [66], drug metabolism [54, 55], nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [67, 68], asthma [69], allergy [70, 71], heart disease [51], Celiac disease [72], IBD [27], and colorectal cancer [73–76]. dsDNA, double stranded DNA; GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid; E. coli, Escherichia coli; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease (a collection of several intestinal disorders that includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis); PSA, capsular polysaccharide A from Bacteroides fragilis; TMA/TMAO, trimethylamine/ trimethylamine N-oxide. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008370.g001 Although a variety of host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) directly sense microbial “danger” signals, including those from microbiome symbionts, emerging evidence also supports the idea that we interact directly with microbes through additional cellular receptors. A recent study using a forward chemical genetics screen showed that MPPs from several dozen bacteria promote direct interactions with G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), a broad class of receptors important for physiological responses spanning mood regulation, immune function, and intestinal peristalsis [34]. [...]production of AhR ligands, such as indole 3-aldehyde by Lactobacillus reuteri, leads to increased IL-22 production and a mucosal immune response against Candida albicans [37].