PloS one, 2013-11, Vol.8 (11), p.e78386
2013
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- Autor(en) / Beteiligte
- Titel
- Sex-dependent psychoneuroendocrine effects of THC and MDMA in an animal model of adolescent drug consumption
- Ist Teil von
- PloS one, 2013-11, Vol.8 (11), p.e78386
- Ort / Verlag
- United States: Public Library of Science
- Erscheinungsjahr
- 2013
- Quelle
- MEDLINE
- Beschreibungen/Notizen
- Ecstasy is a drug that is usually consumed by young people at the weekends and frequently, in combination with cannabis. In the present study we have investigated the long-term effects of administering increasing doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC; 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg; i.p.] from postnatal day (pnd) 28 to 45, alone and/or in conjunction with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA; two daily doses of 10 mg/kg every 5 days; s.c.] from pnd 30 to 45, in both male and female Wistar rats. When tested one day after the end of the pharmacological treatment (pnd 46), MDMA administration induced a reduction in directed exploration in the holeboard test and an increase in open-arm exploration in an elevated plus maze. In the long-term, cognitive functions in the novel object test were seen to be disrupted by THC administration to female but not male rats. In the prepulse inhibition test, MDMA-treated animals showed a decrease in prepulse inhibition at the most intense prepulse studied (80 dB), whereas in combination with THC it induced a similar decrease at 75 dB. THC decreased hippocampal Arc expression in both sexes, while in the frontal cortex this reduction was only evident in females. MDMA induced a reduction in ERK1/2 immunoreactivity in the frontal cortex of male but not female animals, and THC decreased prepro-orexin mRNA levels in the hypothalamus of males, although this effect was prevented when the animals also received MDMA. The results presented indicate that adolescent exposure to THC and/or MDMA induces long-term, sex-dependent psychophysiological alterations and they reveal functional interactions between the two drugs.
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Identifikatoren
- ISSN: 1932-6203eISSN: 1932-6203DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078386Titel-ID: cdi_plos_journals_1448416425
- Format
- –
- Schlagworte
- Adolescent, Animal cognition, Animals, Anxiety, Behavior, Behavior, Animal - drug effects, Body temperature, Cannabis, Cerebral Cortex - drug effects, Cerebral Cortex - metabolism, Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology, Child development, Cognition - drug effects, Cognitive ability, Cortex (frontal), Cytoskeletal Proteins - genetics, Cytoskeletal Proteins - metabolism, Còrtex cerebral, Dopamine, Dronabinol - pharmacology, Drug abuse, Drug therapy, Ecstasy, Ecstasy (Drug), Exploratory Behavior - drug effects, Female, Females, Gender differences, Gene Expression - drug effects, Hallucinogens - pharmacology, Hipocamp (Cervell), Hippocampus, Hippocampus - drug effects, Hippocampus - metabolism, Hippocampus - physiopathology, Humans, Hypothalamus, Hypothalamus - drug effects, Hypothalamus - metabolism, Hypothalamus - physiopathology, Immunoreactivity, Inhibition, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism, Long-term effects, Male, Males, Marijuana, Maze Learning - drug effects, MDMA, Memory, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 - genetics, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 - metabolism, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 - genetics, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 - metabolism, mRNA, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine - pharmacology, Nerve Tissue Proteins - genetics, Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism, Nervous system, Neuroendocrine system, Neuropeptides - genetics, Neuropeptides - metabolism, Orexins, Pharmacology, Protein expression, Proteins, Proteïna tirosina-quinasa, Psychology, Psychopharmacology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Reduction, Resveratrol, Rodents, Sex, Sex differences, Sex Factors, Studies, Teenagers, Tetrahydrocannabinol, Young adults, Youth