PloS one, 2012-04, Vol.7 (4), p.e34504
2012
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- Autor(en) / Beteiligte
- Titel
- Critical role of NADPH oxidase in neuronal oxidative damage and microglia activation following traumatic brain injury
- Ist Teil von
- PloS one, 2012-04, Vol.7 (4), p.e34504
- Ort / Verlag
- United States: Public Library of Science
- Erscheinungsjahr
- 2012
- Quelle
- MEDLINE
- Beschreibungen/Notizen
- Oxidative stress is known to play an important role in the pathology of traumatic brain injury. Mitochondria are thought to be the major source of the damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) following TBI. However, recent work has revealed that the membrane, via the enzyme NADPH oxidase can also generate the superoxide radical (O(2)(-)), and thereby potentially contribute to the oxidative stress following TBI. The current study thus addressed the potential role of NADPH oxidase in TBI. The results revealed that NADPH oxidase activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal CA1 region increases rapidly following controlled cortical impact in male mice, with an early peak at 1 h, followed by a secondary peak from 24-96 h after TBI. In situ localization using oxidized hydroethidine and the neuronal marker, NeuN, revealed that the O(2)(-) induction occurred in neurons at 1 h after TBI. Pre- or post-treatment with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin markedly inhibited microglial activation and oxidative stress damage. Apocynin also attenuated TBI-induction of the Alzheimer's disease proteins β-amyloid and amyloid precursor protein. Finally, both pre- and post-treatment of apocynin was also shown to induce significant neuroprotection against TBI. In addition, a NOX2-specific inhibitor, gp91ds-tat was also shown to exert neuroprotection against TBI. As a whole, the study demonstrates that NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide production exhibit a biphasic elevation in the hippocampus and cortex following TBI, which contributes significantly to the pathology of TBI via mediation of oxidative stress damage, microglial activation, and AD protein induction in the brain following TBI.
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Identifikatoren
- ISSN: 1932-6203eISSN: 1932-6203DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034504Titel-ID: cdi_plos_journals_1340946673
- Format
- –
- Schlagworte
- Acetophenones - pharmacology, Activation, Alzheimer's disease, Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism, Amyloid beta-protein, Amyloid precursor protein, Animal cognition, Animals, Biology, Brain, Brain damage, Brain Edema - enzymology, Brain Edema - pathology, Brain injuries, Brain Injuries - enzymology, Brain Injuries - pathology, Brain research, Cerebral cortex, Cerebral Cortex - drug effects, Cerebral Cortex - metabolism, Cerebral Cortex - pathology, Cognitive ability, CYBB protein, Dementia, Enzyme Activation, Enzymes, Growth factors, Head injuries, Health sciences, Hippocampus, Hippocampus - drug effects, Hippocampus - metabolism, Hippocampus - pathology, Inhibitors, Ischemia, Isoenzymes - antagonists & inhibitors, Isoenzymes - metabolism, Laboratories, Localization, Male, Mediation, Medicine, Membrane Glycoproteins - antagonists & inhibitors, Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism, Mice, Microglia, Microglia - drug effects, Microglia - metabolism, Microglia - physiology, Mitochondria, NAD(P)H oxidase, NADPH Oxidase 2, NADPH Oxidases - antagonists & inhibitors, NADPH Oxidases - metabolism, Neurodegenerative diseases, Neurology, Neurons, Neurons - drug effects, Neurons - enzymology, Neurons - metabolism, Neuroprotection, Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology, Neurosurgery, Oxidase, Oxidases, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidative Stress, Oxygen, Pathology, Peptides, Proteins, Reactive oxygen species, Superoxide, Superoxides, Superoxides - metabolism, Traumatic brain injury, β-Amyloid